I hope to gain a sense of the purpose of intervention in Iraq and Afghanistan and its impact on soldiers. I will further study Afghani culture and compare it to American culture. Hopefully, this will explain some of the hostility Americans have received from those invaded. The economic and political agendas within these missions will be explored with emphasis on neocolonialism and imperialist motives. In addition, civilians will be interviewed about their views on the war on terrorism and their knowledge of the impact of invading another country. Preferably, these will be interviews of Muslims and non-Muslims to evaluate the impact on both perspectives. All of my findings will be posted on the princegeorges.org website because this county needs to be more cognizant of international affairs and diplomacy.
This is what I intended on doing this summer. However, I found myself completing a project that was much more small-scale. First, my travels took me to Washington, D.C. at the Embassy of Afghanistan. I spoke with the education officer there who gave me wonderful information on Afghanistan and the reconstruction taking place. She also dispelled some common myths about the war in Afghanistan. If you would like to know more, click here.
I then continued my research on what I thought was the Civil Affairs Command, finding a lot of information on the Army National Guard. Unfortunately, after meeting with Cpt. John Koerner, an actual member of the unit, I found out the command is actually apart of the Army Reserves. So I regrouped, and gathered more information on that particular branch of the United States Army. To learn more about Cpt. Koerner’s first-hand experience in Afghanistan, click here.
Facts about Afghanistan
This country is located in Southeast Asia, west of Pakistan and east of Iran and is now called the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. It is ruled by Hamid Karzai, who was elected democratically. Nevertheless, this is a long way from the political structure of the past. For centuries, Afghanistan has been ruled by monarchs, and Islam. In the 1970s, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan and began to oppress its people. A group of students who interpreted Islam radically decided to challenge the Soviets. With the support of billionaire Osama bin Laden, this group called themselves the Taliban, and liberated their people. By 1998, the Taliban had control over 90% of the country. After the attacks of Spetember 11th, the Taliban was overthrown by the Northern Alliance, who established the government currently in place.
There have been numerous media coverages of hostility towards American occupation in Afghanistan. This is not the majority view of Afghans. According to the embassy, the country welcomes the rebuilding of their political infrastructure. Schools, hospitals, and communities are being rebuilt, while women are expanding their rights, such as voting. Ethnic tribes that were previously at odds are cooperating to rebuild the country.
Facts about the Army Reserve
The reserve serves a complimentary role to the Active component of the Army, providing combat support and combat service support functions to enable the Army to ramp up its capabilities to protect combat forces and sustain mobilization.
It further enables the Army to:
- do more with fewer resources
- train soldiers at the highest possible level
- maintain a force that can mobilize rapidly and skillfully at any level
- Implement national objectives
- Support national policies
The Army Reserve contributes:
- 100% of the Army’s
- Chemical brigades
- Interment brigades
- Judge advocate general units
- Medical groups
- Railway units
- Water supply battalions
- Training and exercise divisions
- More than 2/3 of the Army’s
- Civil Affairs units
- Psychological Operations units
- Hospitals
- Medical Brigades
The Army Reserve is comprised of
54% combat service support
- This includes Civil Affairs
27% mobilization base expansion
- 18% combat support
- 1% combat
Training
Upon entry, everyone selects or is assigned a MOS (military occupational specialty)
This is assigned based on individual interest and aptitude, availability, and the Army’s needs
The Reserve train with Active and National Guard units to promote cohesiveness between the three branches
There are three types of training:
- Basic Training
Soldier skills are learned (Advanced Individual Training)
Skills needed to perform MOS
Classroom time, time in field (Sustainment training)
Drill one weekend a month
- Annual training- two weeks per year
Several units converge on an assigned post to perform a more involved training exercise
- Innovative Readiness Training (IRT)
Dept of Defense program addressing serious domestic needs in the U.S.
Facts about the Civil Affairs Unit
What is a Civil Affairs unit?
Culturally-oriented, linguistically capable soldiers
Soldiers that are the interface between civil and military operations
Provide a link between a link between the military commander and the civilian populace in an area of operations
91% are reserve units
Only reserve units that report to Special Operations Command in Fort Bragg, North Carolina
What do CA units do?
Encompass the relationship between military forces, civil authorities and people in a friendly or occupied country or area
Support national policy and implement US national objectives by coordinating with, influencing, developing, or controlling indigenous infrastructures
Help plan US government interagency procedures for national and regional emergencies
Promote regional stability, prevent or reduce conflicts and threats, and deter aggression and coercion worldwide
Locate civil resources to support military operation, help minimize civilian interference with operations, support national assistance activities, plan and execute non-combatant evacuation, support counter-drug operations, and establish and maintain a liaison or dialogue with civilian agencies and civilian commercial and private organizations
Provide functional expertise for foreign internal defense operations, unconventional warfare operations and direct action missions
What are the functional specialties of CA units?
Government section
Legal
Public administration
Public education
Public health
Public safety
Economic/commerce section
Civilian supply
Environmental management
Food and agriculture
Public facilities section
Public communications
Transportation
Public works and utilities
Special functions section
Cultural relations
Cultural information
Dislocated civilians
Emergency services
What do CA commands do?
Provide pre-deployment command and control to their geographically oriented CA brigades and battalions
Provide support to their respective war fighting Commander
Plan, manage, and conduct CA operations that support other commanders
Responsible for the training, equipping, and preparation of their subordinate units for mobilization and deployment both in war and in support of peace operations
CA teams in Afghanistan
Companies go to cities, towns and rural outposts in individual teams of six
Each CAT is composed of a major, a captain, an NCOIC, and three enlisted men
For teams stationed away from the major US bases in Kabul and Kandahar, a communications sergeant is added
Each team hires one or two full time local interpreters
Find a safe house and hire locals (part of the Northern Alliance) as a security force
Always ready to defend themselves but are not supposed to engage in direct action
Talk to village leaders to find out the needs and wants of the village. Then meet the needs to the best extent possible, whether its is from the team’s own funds, or through a pot of money donated by NGOs (non-governmental organizations)
Plan and coordinate the projects
Life in Afghanistan
Bad environment
Irrigation systems have sewage and drinking water in the same reservoir
Illness is rampant
Extreme temperatures
Scorpions and huge wasps
Horrible roads
Constant threat of Al Qeida
The 352nd Civil Affairs Command
Located in Riverdale, MD, this unit is part of the 450th Battalion. This battalion is also airborne, which means that every member is a certified paratrooper. Furthermore, it is the only reserve battalion that has its own beret flash. More information will be gathered, as most of the soldiers are welcoming the troops that returned home July 2nd.